Risky Sexual Behaviors place several Young Gay Men in danger of HIV

Young yankee gay and bisexual men UN agency have detectable blood levels of HIV — the virus that causes AIDS — also are additional seemingly to have interaction in risky sexual behavior that may unfold the virus, a brand new study has found.

“While several of those young men area unit engaged in care, and success stories area unit several, we have a tendency to still have work to try to to to scale back the speed of latest infections,” study author Patrick Wilson, associate professor of sociomedical sciences at Columbia University’s carrier college of Public Health in ny town, aforementioned in a very university news unleash.

Different ways to assist forestall HIV infections and promote sex area unit required for this cluster, his team wrote within the Dec. seven issue of the journal JAMA medical specialty.

According to the researchers, young men between the ages of thirteen and twenty nine UN agency area unit gay or bisexual area unit significantly liable to infection with HIV and currently account for quite twenty five % of latest infections within the us every year.

The new study wanted to see UN agency is most in danger, and why. The analysis concerned nearly one,000 young gay and bisexual men between the ages of fifteen and twenty six. All had visited teenage HIV clinics within the us between Dec 2009 and June 2012.

According to Wilson’s team, quite common fraction of the boys — sixty nine % — had detectable levels of HIV.

Investigating more, the researchers found that forty six % of those young men had engaged in sexual perversion while not a prophylactic over the past 3 months. Moreover, thirty one % of the participants UN agency had a partner with a special HIV standing — one was infected, one wasn't — engaged in sexual behavior that place the antiseptic partner in danger.

Young men with detectable levels of the virus were additional seemingly to own sexual perversion while not a prophylactic with a partner UN agency didn’t have HIV, compared to participants UN agency didn't have detectable levels of the virus, the Columbia study showed.

Of those with detectable HIV, fifty five % rumored having sexual perversion while not a prophylactic. In distinction, forty four % of the young gay men whose HIV was suppressed or undetectable (typically because of medication use) did identical.

Among the boys with detectable HIV, thirty five % had unprotected sexual perversion with associate HIV-negative partner. Of the boys with suppressed HIV, twenty five % had unsafe sex with a partner UN agency had a special HIV standing.

Risky sexual behavior was additional common among gay and bisexual men with detectable HIV UN agency additionally had issues with misuse, the researchers noted. it had been additionally additional common among the boys with detectable HIV UN agency disclosed their standing to their partners.

“Combination HIV hindrance and treatment interventions, that embody activity, medicine and structural ways to extend microorganism suppression and cut back HIV transmission risk behaviors, that concentrate on HIV-infected young men UN agency make out with men area unit required,” Wilson aforementioned. “To really curb HIV incidence among this cluster of people, we have a tendency to cannot alone think about one strategy to stop and treat HIV.”

One professional aforementioned young gay men stay a supply of concern once it involves HIV infection.

“We have famous that HIV has weakened in most age teams within the us, however continues to extend altogether patients aged 13-24, and even additional therefore in gay and bisexual men during this age bracket,” said Dr. David Rosenthal, UN agency directs the middle for Young Adult, Adolescent, and medicine HIV at North Shore-LIJ Health System in nice Neck, N.Y.

The study suggests that men “who were possibly to own condomless perversion with an individual UN agency isn't living with HIV were black/African yankee race, drank alcohol daily and were at-risk teenage substance abusers,” he said. “Thus, we want to create certain our HIV hindrance ways area unit specifically reaching bent those people.”

One proved  HIV hindrance strategy is that the use of medication like Truvada, or PreP, “an FDA-approved medication that's given daily to patients UN agency don't have HIV, however UN agency area unit partaking in behaviors that might create them acquire HIV, so as to stop the transmission of HIV,” Rosenthal aforementioned.

“This study speaks to specific subpopulations of patients UN agency might most want homework, and the way we have a tendency to should reach bent these patients — UN agency historically area unit underserved by the health profession — to supply them with the most effective health care we will,” he added.

How to Avoid Weight Gain once Traveling for the vacations

‘Tis the season for vacation travel! together of the busiest times of the year approaches, several folks area unit getting ready for a vacation with our families and friends. whereas this is often one thing to appear forward to, it may also be trying. to not mention, there’s usually many pampering between currently and New Year’s—and the final thing any folks needs is to put on further weight. Here area unit my 5 best tips for staying work whereas you’re on-the-go this season.

1. Walk all over

Instead of taking cabs or buses, attempt to walk whenever potential. this is often one in all my favorite things to try to to once traveling, albeit I’m going somewhere acquainted. It’s wonderful what you'll discover by walking around your town, and you’re fitting in further exercise as a bonus. to provide yourself an additional boost, continuously take the steps rather than the escalator or elevator. And don’t get on those moving sidewalks within the airport!

2. notice a neighborhood hike

For bonus points: Don’t simply walk, hike! Do somewhat of analysis to seek out a scenic spot for the total family to relish. Not solely can you boost your burn, however a modification of scenery is additionally a good thanks to bond together with your wanted ones and skill one thing new.

3. visit whereas on a run

Plenty of folks simply return for the vacations, however if you’re going somewhere new and exciting this year don't overlook running routes as a fun thanks to see the sights. Nothing spices up a run or brisk walk quite sort of a stunning read. If there’s a lake, ocean, or park near , use it because the start line for your physical exertion. this is often a good thanks to explore the realm on foot whereas obtaining your body moving and breaking a sweat.

4. Splurge, however only if it’s worthwhile

This is one in all my go-to tips regardless of wherever i'm. I continuously need to relish the wonderful food that accompany the vacations, however I don’t need to expand my area whereas I’m there, either. If I did that each time I traveled, I’d for certain gain weight over time.

Instead, i select to splurge sagely on a couple of comfort meals or must-try restaurants, however I eat pretty merely the remainder of the trip. In alternative words, if you’re at that famed bakeshop your mater loves and need to do their freshly baked bread, fully do it! however if you’re planning to stop at a sequence building simply to fuel up, decide on one thing on the healthier aspect and save those calories for course shortly.

5. once all else fails, take five

When there’s free time in between activities or if it sounds like we’ll be having a quieter day, i prefer to suit in a very short physical exertion. Here’s a fast circuit i like after I solely have a couple of minutes to spare. It needs no instrumentation and might be done anyplace, like if you’re looking forward to your family to urge prepared for dinner. bed once or as repeatedly as you'll before most are able to go!

1 minute of squat to left aspect kicks

1 minute of squat to right aspect kicks

1 minute of burpees

1 minute plank

1 minute of squat jumps

Looking for additional ways in which to beat {the vacation|the vacation} bulge? cross-check this 20-minute holiday physical exertion set up, that has fat-burning moves that permit you to cherish moderation while not feeling the guilt.

Hospital employees Less seemingly to own Had respiratory disease Shot Than you would possibly assume

More than 1/2 U.S. hospitals don’t need health care suppliers to urge a seasonal respiratory disease shot, a brand new study finds.

In the 2013 survey of infection management specialists at 386 hospitals nationwide, concerning forty three % aforementioned respiratory disease vaccination was necessary for all health care suppliers. concerning ten % additional aforementioned their hospital would need the shot ensuing respiratory disease season.

The researchers additionally found that just one.3 % of Veterans Affairs hospitals needed all health care suppliers to urge a respiratory disease shot. The VA needs near-universal respiratory disease vaccination in its hospitals by 2020, in step with the study within the journal Infection management and Hospital medical specialty.

Opposition from worker unions or issues concerning workers opposition were reasons why nearly twenty eight % of VA hospitals and concerning fifteen % of non-VA hospitals didn't need respiratory disease vaccination, in step with the report.

A number of national recommendations say all health care employees ought to receive seasonal respiratory disease vaccination.

“Vaccination of health care employees has been shown to considerably cut back patients’ risk of flu and its complications, together with respiratory disease and death, compared with vaccination of patients alone,” study senior author Dr. Sanjay Saint, a prof of medical specialty at the University of Michigan, aforementioned in a very university news unleash. Saint is additionally chief of drugs at the VA urban center attention System.

“To place it flat out, yankee hospitals have plenty of labor to try to to,” he added.

Study lead author M. Todd writer, a pursuit investigator at the University of Michigan and therefore the VA, aforementioned necessary respiratory disease shots can seemingly face some continuing opposition.

“But our findings recommend that opportunities stay for several health care organizations to want vaccination of their workers to extend coverage rates,” writer additional.

Not Enough Needle Exchange Programs Outside Cities

Injection drug users in rural and residential area areas have less access to needle exchange programs than those in cities do, albeit addiction rates area unit rising in non-urban areas, a brand new study shows.

Providing injection drug users with new, sterile needles and syringes in exchange for used ones reduces their risk of catching or spreading infections like HIV and viral hepatitis, the researchers explained.

Many needle exchange programs additionally offer Narcan, a drugs that may reverse overdoses from hard drug and narcotic painkillers.

The researchers found that sixty nine % of needle exchange programs within the us were in cities, with solely twenty % in rural areas and nine % in residential area areas.

The vary of services provided by the programs in numerous locations additionally varied. for instance, solely thirty seven % in rural areas offered Narcan, compared with sixty one % of these in cities.

The study was revealed within the Dec. ten issue of the U.S. Centers for malady management and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

“Syringe service programs [SSPs] are terribly effective in reducing HIV transmission within the U.S. and throughout the globe,” aforementioned study author Don Des Jarlais, a prof of psychopathology and medicine at the Icahn college of drugs at Sinai in ny town.

“Our knowledge show that rural and residential area SSPs face some special challenges in recruiting shoppers, funding and staffing, however that these programs will offer the required services once they area unit enforced. the largest downside is solely that we have a tendency to don't have enough of them in rural and residential area areas. State and native governments will save lives by extending these programs,” Des Jarlais aforementioned in a very hospital news unleash.

A recent study within the Journal of Urban Health found that 1/2 all injection drug users live outside major urban areas.

CDC study author Ann Nugent aforementioned, “Over the last twenty years, syringe service programs have proved  to be terribly potent weapons within the fight against HIV/AIDS.” Nugent may be a senior analysis associate at the Baron Edmond American state banker Chemical Dependency Institute at Sinai letter of the alphabet Israel.

“The challenge nowadays is to increase the rescue advantages of syringe exchange programs to any or all persons UN agency want them — notwithstanding wherever they live,” she said.

HIV will act Body Despite Drug medical care

Even once blood tests of HIV patients on antiretroviral medication show no sign of the AIDS-causing virus, it will still be replicating in lymphatic tissue, researchers report.

The study offers necessary new insight into however HIV persists within the body despite treatment with the powerful medication, in step with the team of international researchers light-emitting diode by Northwestern University’s Feinberg college of drugs in Chicago.

To reach their finding, they examined microorganism sequences in samples of lymphatic tissue and blood cells from 3 HIV-infected patients UN agency had no detectable virus in their blood.

And what they found was that a microorganism reservoir in lymphatic tissue, that scientists believed control long infected cells in a very resting state, was being perpetually replenished with infected cells.

“The challenge is to deliver medication at clinically effective concentrations to wherever the virus continues to copy among the patient,” aforementioned study corresponding author Dr. Steven Wolinsky in a very university news unleash. he's chief of infectious diseases at the Feinberg college of drugs.

The study, revealed Jan. twenty seven within the journal Nature, highlights the importance of delivering high concentrations of antiretroviral medication to any or all areas within the body wherever HIV will grow. Developing medication that may reach this new known HIV “sanctuary” in lymphatic tissue could also be the primary step towards a cure, the researchers urged.

Study author Angela McLean, a prof of mathematical biology at Oxford in European country, aforementioned within the unleash, “The study is exciting as a result of it very changes however we expect concerning what's happening in treated patients.

“It helps make a case for why some ways that attempted to clear the reservoir have unsuccessful,” she noted.

Resistance to HIV Drug Growing, Study Finds

HIV resistance to the antiretroviral drug tenofovir (Viread) is progressively common, a brand new study finds.

The researchers aforementioned their finding is shocking and direful as a result of the drug plays a significant role in treating and preventing infection with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

“Tenofovir may be a vital a part of our accumulation against HIV, therefore it's extraordinarily regarding to examine such a high level of resistance to the current drug,” study author Dr. Ravi Gupta, from the department of infection and immunity at University faculty London in European country, aforementioned in a very university news unleash.

“It is incredibly potent drug with few aspect effects, and there aren’t any smart alternatives that may be deployed employing a public health approach. Tenofovir is employed not solely to treat HIV however additionally to stop it in risky teams, therefore we have a tendency to desperately have to be compelled to do additional to combat the matter of rising resistance,” Gupta aforementioned.

Resistance usually happens once patients don’t take their medication as directed. to stop resistance, folks have to be compelled to take the medication properly concerning eighty five % to ninety % of the time, the researchers aforementioned.

For the study, the investigators checked out quite one,900 HIV patients worldwide UN agency had uncontrolled HIV despite taking antiretroviral medication. Tenofovir-resistant HIV strains were found in sixty % of patients in sub-Sahara continent, the researchers found. That compares to simply twenty % of patients in Europe with tenofovir-resistant strains, the researchers aforementioned.

About-two thirds of patients with tenofovir-resistant HIV additionally had resistance to each alternative medication utilized in their medical care. this means that their treatment was entirely compromised, the study authors aforementioned.

In sub-Sahara continent, up to fifteen % of HIV patients treated with tenofovir-based drug combos can develop resistance to tenofovir within the 1st year of treatment, and this rate is probably going to rise over time, the researchers calculable.

They additional that tenofovir-resistant HIV strains can be passed on to others and become additional widespread, doubtless weakening international efforts to regulate HIV.

It’s not clear however seemingly drug-resistant strains of HIV area unit to unfold. If these strains were less effective at spreading, Gupta aforementioned the researchers should’ve seen lower levels of the HIV virus in folks with the resistant strain. But, that wasn’t the case.

“We found that virus levels were no lower in people with the resistant strain and were high enough to be absolutely infectious. we have a tendency to definitely willnot dismiss the likelihood that resistant strains can unfold between folks and may not be content. we have a tendency to area unit currently conducting more studies to urge a additional elaborate image of however tenofovir resistant viruses develop and unfold,” he terminated.

increasing fibre consumption

growing dietary fibre can help with weight reduction when you consider that excessive fibre foods tend to be bulky (and consequently filling) at the same time as additionally being low in fats and calories. extra benefits of fibre consist of decreased danger of colorectal cancer, advantages for constipation, diverticulitis and irritable bowel syndrome, decrease cholesterol, reduced danger of diabetes and cardiovascular ailment. goal to growth your fibre consumption gradually (to minimise any flatulence and abdominal pain that could arise with surprising will increase) to the recommended 25-30 grams consistent with day and ensure you drink enough water in conjunction with the fibre.

ingesting low GI ingredients

ingesting meals with decrease GI (glycemic index) can help both with regulating blood sugar and reducing fluctuations in blood sugar in addition to improving satiety. just consider you still need to look at the total quantity of carbohydrates eaten, as immoderate quantities of even low GI ingredients will nonetheless motive weight benefit, however swapping high GI or high sugar ingredients for lower GI options will help. as an example you may switch from a excessive GI white bread to a low GI grainy wholemeal bread. Unprocessed oats, quinoa, lentils, beans, legumes, Basmati or Doongara rice also are accurate low GI carbohydrate sources.

Low fats dairy products

those are beneficial each for ensuring good enough dietary calcium consumption (and thereby lowering osteoporosis chance) as well as assisting in weight loss. certainly research have shown that elevated consumption of dairy proteins casein and whey can significantly improve satiety and urge for food control. eating low fat or fat-free dairy products three to four instances in the course of the day can help raise protein consumption in addition to nutritional calcium consumption similarly to supporting in weight and appetite manage.

Secret Powers of steroid

Howard Jones, the baby pioneer (link is external) UN agency died at the age of 104 this summer, once told American state that once he was a medico within the Nineteen Thirties, he started a sex club.

This was Johns Hopkins University, therefore sex club meant once-a-week conferences with a few dozen alternative students and a school authority reading Sex and Internal Secretions*, a 911-page textbook. The book started with insect sex habits and climaxed with the human physiological property.

I was considering these Hopkins of us after I scan a recent study (link is external)—also popping out of Hopkins—about steroid and therefore the system. concerning seventy five years past, Jones and his buddies were reading that steroid created women women. Ever since then, we have a tendency to’ve learned that sex hormones exude additional power than we ever unreal.

The new study, rumored within the yankee Journal of Physiology—Lung Cellular and Molecular Reports, sheds lightweight on the means steroid feeds the system, inform to a particular steroid receptor which will make a case for the hormone’s anti-viral powers.  “Other studies have shown that estrogens have anti-viral properties against HIV, Ebola, and liver disease viruses,” aforementioned Israeli Klein, the leading investigator. Klein’s team studied cells retrieved from the noses of men and ladies. She drenched the cells with a mixture of respiratory disease virus and steroid. Among the ladies, the hormone-virus dance orchestra decreased  the microorganism load compared to the cells exposed to virus alone. That urged the steroid somehow helped dampen the respiratory disease. For men, the hormone-infection didn’t do something.

It’s been rumored that the study explains why ladies area unit less seemingly to urge the respiratory disease (link is external), however that creates no sense. in step with statistics among the report, ladies get hit more durable (mortality rates among young ladies throughout the 2009 HINI epidemic were quite double among ladies compared to men). The researchers additionally note that steroid levels fluctuate, significantly among pre-menopausal ladies, therefore you’d need to time the respiratory disease exposure in step with your cycle.

What will this all very mean? Well it might mean that if you're a lady on the contraception pill (that contains estrogen), you'll beat back maternity and therefore the respiratory disease at identical time. And it might purpose to new types of medication to stop viruses. however the $64000 news is that the sheer joy of the fundamental science of it all. The additional doctors study however hormones act with our immune systems, the additional we'll perceive the complexities of our hormones really management United States of America. and the way we have a tendency to could also be able to management them. 

As for Jones’s sex club, his interests might have appeared strictly intellectual—recruiting students to scan medical specialty, that is—but he additionally once shared slightly secret with American state. He started the club to urge a girl--Georgeanna Seegar, a fellow Hopkins student and one in all the few ladies in grad school then.  Lo and lay eyes on, the 2 started chemical analysis shortly when the launch of the club, wed the day when they finished their residencies, and were married for sixty six years till Georgeanna died in 2005, at the age of ninety two. Jones lived on for an additional ten years, dying at the age of 104 this past summer. He slowed with age, however was mentally sharp, as his female offspring told American state, till he took his final breath.

Are hair remedies virtually well worth it?

Does hair really gain from treatments?

yes, as long as you’re deciding on the proper one. It’s like sending your vehicle in to have the oil changed while you’ve got an difficulty with the brakes. now not surely going to fix the hassle is it?

Hair stylist, Marc Armstrong from raw Anthony Nader says, “it’s understandable why people are sceptical approximately remedies, specially when its fee vs. gain. you have to make sure it’s the right remedy for your hair or it’s cash down the drain. You need to know: is it protein, moisture or U.V safety your hair wishes?”

Armstrong says hair always benefits from treatments however if there’s a time you could’t scrimp on it, it’s directly after a colour. “whilst you colour your hair it’s in its maximum prone nation. The cuticles are left open and your hair can experience dehydrated.”

How frequently should you have remedies?

It relies upon on the state of your hair. Armstrong says, “Prevention is better than remedy so in case your hair is wholesome you might simplest need a treatment every 1-4 weeks however in case your hair has seen higher days and hates the sight of a comb, a treatment would be recommended every wash.”

Salon vs. at-domestic treatments

in the salon you've got the guidance of hair professionals who can determine what your hair needs, though admittedly it is probably a little greater steeply-priced. There are plenty of DIY remedies available but they may not be compatible to your hair’s wishes. Armstrong says, “for instance in case you use a product that has too much protein it can have reverse effects. too much protein strengthens the hair however will make it brittle just like lead out of a pencil – it’s sturdy however you'll now not want to bend it!”

if you’re time poor like oh, pretty a great deal each person, you can use an at-home treatment as a pleasing manner to pamper yourself however the advantage of getting it performed at a salon is the remedy will be carried out properly – plus you get the bonus of an high-quality head massage.

herbal hair treatments

cross the natural route and make your personal hair treatment at home. Armstrong says, “Olive oil, coconut oil and even grapeseed oil can all be combined with avocado and eggs! these natural items will give a boost to the hair with their protein content and also leave the hair feeling rehydrated. there are many recipes available so dig deep in for your cupboard and provide it a move!”